The Second World War found in the following stages through which the conflict took place:
| The rapid German conquest | |
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With a new conception of war, the German army (Wehrmacht), abundantly equipped with airplanes, armored cars and trucks, threw himself into the struggle with an overwhelming momentum, occupying Poland soon. Then there was a break of war, until the spring of 1940, during which Germany undertook a major offensive lightning, occupied Denmark and Norway, and then did the same to the Netherlands, Belgium and northern France. British forces were able to escape the German encirclement at Dunkirk reembarcarem. The German divisions arrived in Paris and Marshal Petain appointed head of state signed an armistice with Germany (June 1940). France was divided into two zones, the area occupied and the free zone, the latter with its capital in Vichy. The French did not accept the armistice organized a resistance movement, led in London by General de Gaulle, who had an important role both within France and in war campaigns. Hitler offered peace to the UK, but the new Prime Minister Winston Churchill decided to continue the fight until the unconditional surrender of Germany, although this was necessary for blood, sweat and tears. |
| Fighting in the Balkans and North Africa | |
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Upon clearing the French front in 1940, Italy entered the war alongside Germany, with very little luck and success. He wanted to invade Greece and just got removed. In Africa, the British attacked her colonies and the Italians had to retreat to Abyssinia, Eritrea and Somalia. Given these failures, Germany intervened with their fast and always occupied Romania, Bulgaria, Yugoslavia, Greece and Crete. In Africa, Field Marshal Rommel took his troops to Egypt (1941). |
| The attack against the United Kingdom | |
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Virtually master of Europe, Hitler had only before him the indomitable United Kingdom, which had repelled their treaty of alliance. He decided the occupation of Britain, although to do so did not have a powerful fleet. Your lieutenant Marshal Goering assured him that the German aviation was enough to force the British to surrender, by dint of massive bombardment. Thus began the Battle of Britain, in which the British aviation (RAF) would demonstrate their exceptional quality, aided by the invention of radar, which allowed the location of enemies. It was so great the loss of German planes Hitler had to order the end of the air offensive. |
| The invasion of the USSR by Germany | |
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Given the impossibility of winning the UK in the air, fighting continued in the sea-based attacks of submarines which had also lost some of its effectiveness due to the radar. Thus, supplies of food and weapons have not suffered large losses, and the United States could help maintain the United Kingdom. Hitler decided to attack the USSR and become master of his sources of wealth and its territories. With that thought he was invincible and put a thousand years to ensure German supremacy. The June 22, 1941, without prior declaration of war, and being still in force the treaty of nonaggression, German troops entered the Soviet Union, winning major cities, although they could not get in Leningrad and Moscow. In 1942 occupied the Ukraine and Crimea and reached Stalingrad. |
| Speeches Japan and the United States | |
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Japan had signed the Tripartite Pact with Germany and Italy (1940). While negotiating a commercial treaty with the United States without prior declaration of war, December 8, 1941 the Japanese attacked the naval air base at Pearl Harbour (Pearl Harbour), islands in Hawaii, where he concentrated the bulk of the fleet the United States. Nearly all boats were hit and sunk. This meant that the United States go to war against the powers of the Tripartite Pact. While the United States mobilized its vast reserves, the Japanese, taking advantage of its naval superiority in the Pacific, took a few months in Singapore, Myanmar, Philippines, Indonesia and Australia threatened. |
| Allied and Soviet victories | |
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The war began to evolve in favor of the Allies from the victory of El Alamein (Egypt, October 1941). The British general who won this victory was Montgomery, who soon advanced to Tripoli, while the Americans landed in Morocco and Algeria (1942). In 1943 the whole of North Africa was free of Germans. On the Soviet side during the winter of 1942-1943 came the German defeat in Stalingrad, which allowed the Soviets to recover and reach the Ukraine to Poland. |
| Landing in Normandy and end the fight in Europe | |
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Under the command of General Eisenhower allied troops launched a major offensive against Italy (1943). Mussolini was dismissed by the king, and Marshal Badoglio signed an armistice. The Germans they came out quickly and could stop the whole time that Italy was busy keeping a front for a while. In 1944, Allied troops then embarked on an offensive that led to the occupation of Rome. Two days later, Eisenhower's forces landed in Normandy, and after a resistance exasperated, occupied France, Belgium and part of Germany. However the Russians occupied Warsaw, Budapest and came to Berlin about the same time that the allied forces. Was captured and executed Mussolini and Hitler committed suicide in Berlin. Admiral Donitz authorized the unconditional surrender of Germany, which was occupied by the victorious powers (May 1945). |
| The defeat of Japan | |
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After the first Japanese conquests changed the fate of war. The Americans, led by General MacArthur, and had great naval victories were won back all the islands till they came to Okinawa. The USSR declared war on Japan, and President Truman's decision two atomic bombs were dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The destruction was so terrible that Japan immediately called for peace with the condition that they respect the emperor. MacArthur occupied Japan and acted as supreme governor. |
The english version of this article will be available soon. In the meanwhile, the text above was the result of a Google translation from portuguese version to english.
