Henri Philippe Pétain [1856-1951]
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: Second World War: Henri Philippe Pétain [1856-1951]:
Em 1917 Pétain foi nomeado marechal de França, apesar de vir a ser um subordinado do marechal Foch, em 1918. In 1917 he was appointed Marshal Pétain of France, in spite of being a subject of Marshal Foch, in 1918. A sua defesa de Verdun, em 1916, durante a Primeira Grande Guerra, fez dele um herói nacional. Their defense of Verdun in 1916, during the First World War, made him a national hero. Esmagou a rebelião em Marrocos em 1925-26. Esmagou the rebellion in Morocco in 1925-26. Enquanto membro do Conselho Superior de Guerra, defendeu uma política militar puramente defensiva e foi fortemente conservador na política. As a member of the Supreme Council of War, took a purely defensive military policy and was strongly conservative in politics. Tornou-se chefe de estado (de direita) a 16 de Junho de 1940 e assinou um armistício com a Alemanha a 22 de Junho, convencido de que o Reino Unido estava prestes a ser derrotada ea França deveria conseguir os melhores termos possíveis. It became head of state (from right) on June 16, 1940 and signed an armistice with Germany on June 22, convinced that Britain was about to be defeated and France should obtain the best terms possible. Apesar deste governo de Vichy (estância de saúde no centro de França) ter colaborado com os alemães, demitiu o seu deputado Pierre Laval que defendia, em Dezembro de 1940, o alinhamento com as forças do Eixo. Despite the government of Vichy (office of health at the centre of France) have cooperated with the Germans, resigned his Mr Pierre Laval argued that in December 1940, alignment with the forces of the Axis. Os alemães reintegraram Laval em Abril de 1942 e, em Novembro, ocuparam a área francesa de Vichy, reduzindo o governo de Pétain a um regime fantoche. The Germans reintegraram Laval in April 1942 and in November, occupied the area of Vichy French, reducing the government of Pétain a puppet regime. Com a invasão de França pelos Aliados, Pétain foi levado para a Alemanha mas regressou em 1945 sendo sentenciado à morte por traição, sentença mais tarde comutada em prisão perpétua. With the invasion of France by the Allies, Pétain was taken to Germany but returned in 1945 and sentenced to death for treason, sentence later commuted to life imprisonment.



 

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